Sectional oven.



No. 836,245. PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906.

R. CRAWFORD.

SEGTIONAL OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED 001230, 1905.

- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES v fw. QGWZT. QM BY INVENTOR ATTORNEY 1m: NORRIS PETERS co.,wasnmcron, b. c.

PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906.

R. CRAWFORD. SECTION AL OVEN.

- APPLICATION FILED 00T.30, 1905. I

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 IHI hlilll.

WlTNESSES R 0 T N E W ATTORNEY m: Nunms PETERS co. WASHINGTON, n. c.

No. 836,245. I PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906.

' R. CRAWFORD.

SEGTIONAL OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.30.1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I910, Ja 11.

27 "mm mu m mr i I lliiI 3 vwe nfoz mm eases M 7 atmnug THE NORAISPETERS co., WASHINGTON, b4 6.

RONALD CRAWFORD, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT.

SECTIONAL OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 20, 1906.

Application filed October 30,1905. Serial No. 285,012.

made of insulating material and be insulated from each other, so thatheat cannot pass from one section to another, which shall be soconstructed that expansion and contraction of the parts will not throwthe oven out of square or permit escape of heat, the oints, in fact,becoming tighter as the heat increases, and in case of explosion theoven shall not be blown to pieces, but the roof will rise and permit thegases to escape and will then settle to place again, and which shall bethoroughly scientific and relatively inexpensive to build andinexpensive to run on account of saving in fuel, as the heat in the ovencannot escape.

With these and other objects in view I have devised the novel structureof which the following description in connection with the accompanyingdrawings is a specification,

reference characters being used to indicate the several parts.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my novel oven complete; Fig. 2, a planview Fig. 3, a rear elevation; Fig. 4, a section on the line 4 4 in Fig.3, the top being removed and the sides, back, and door appearing inplan; Fig. 5, a detail elevation, on an enlarged scale, illustrating anupper corner of the oven; Fig. 6, a detail plan view correspondingtherewith; Fig. 7, a detail sectional view on the line 7 7 in Fig. 2,showing the top in section and the edge of the left door in elevation;Fig. 8, a detail elevation showing the inner side of one of the sides;Fig. 9, a detail section of the back on the line 9 9 in Fig. 8; Fig. 10,a plan view of a bottom corner-plate detached; Fig. 11, a detailtransverse section of a back corner on the line 11 12 in Fig. 1; Fig.12, a similar section of a front corner on the same line; and Fig. 13 isa detail perspective, partly in section, showing top and side chanilyunderstood from Figs. 11 and 12.

nel-plates and the angle-plate by which they are secured together.

A denotes the bottom; B, the top; C, the sides; D, the back, and E thedoors, which are hinged to the sides. These parts which are all madeindependently of each other, I term sections. They consist, essentially,of walls of cellular insulating material (indicated by 20) lying betweenloose side sheets of iron (indicated by 21.) The edges of the walls andside plates lie in channel-plates 22, which are rigidly secured in placeby angleplates 28. It should be noted that the side plates merely liewithin the channel-plates and are not secured thereto, so that they arefree to expand in any direction and buckling is wholly prevented. Theinsulating material used in the sections is preferably a material knownas asbestos cellular insulating material, which consists of superposedcorrugated sheets of asbestos, the corrugations of alternate sheetslying in opposite directions and the ends being closed by cement lyingbetween the edges of the sheets and the channel-plates and indicated by24, whereby dead-air cells or spaces are formed. The mode of making thesections and of assembling them in setting up an oven will be reag- T esections are made of any required size and shipped ready for setting up.In building the sections the channel-plates are secured together bymeans of the angle-plates, as indicated in Fig. 13, and theinsulating-walls and side plates are sprung into place.

In setting up an oven the back and sides are placed upon corner-plates25, provided at the corner edges with flanges 26, against which cornerangle-plates 28 rest. The bottom, also resting upon the corner-plates,is placed between the back and sides. Insulating material, which may beasbestos, firefelt, mineral wool, or any suitable material and which isindicated by 27, is placed be tween the parts themselves and alsobetween the parts and the corner angle-plates, so that the sections areheld together in use with perfectly-tight joints, but without securingthe sections to each other and withoutv a metal contact therebetween.Hence there is less tendency of distortion and possible disengagement ofthe parts under the action of the heat and especially where the heat isunevenly distributed, in addition to which the expansion and contractionof the sections are confined to each individual section. In practice theends of the back rest against stay-plates 29, which are bolted to thesides, but not to the back, the bolts passing entirely through the sidesand through vertical strips 30, lying outside of side sheets 21. Uponthe inner side of the sides I provide rests 31 to support rods fromwhich articles to be baked may be suspended. The bottoms of cornerangle-plates 28 are secured in place by the flanges of corner-plates 25,which in turn are rigidly bolted to the bottom. The upper ends of cornerangleplates 28 extend'above the top and are secured in place by diagonaltie-rods 32.

33 denotes vertical strips at the center of the sides and back, whichare bolted to side sheets 21, extend above the top, and the upper endsof which are secured by tie-rods 34. The top is not secured to the sidesor back, but merely rests thereon, being held in place by cornerangle-plates 28 and vertical strips 33. Should an explosion occur withinan oven, the top will be raised thereby and the entire force of theexplosion will blow off under the topand over the tops of the sides,back, and doors, the top being merely lifted by the explosion, but heldagainst removal or displacement by the corner angle-plates, verticalstrips, and tie-rods, so that after being lifted it will instantlysettle back to place, no damage whatever having been done to the oven.The doors are hinged to the sides. In the present instance they areshown as swinging upon heavy strap hinges 35, one strap being bolted tothe corner angle-plate and the other to the door, strengthening-plates36 being preferably placed on the inner sides of the doors throughwhich. the bolts pass. The bolts are shown. as passing through metalsleeves 37, so as to permit the nuts upon the bolts to be tightened upWithout crushing the insulating material of the doors. Two doors arepreferably used, which meet at the center. These doors swing againststop-plates 38, which are rigidly secured to the under side of the topand are provided on their outer side at the top with plates 39, whichoverlap the joint and prevent the escape of heat. One of the doors isalso provided with an edge strip 40, which overlaps the other door andprevents the escape of heat at the joint between the doors.

The doors are shown as locked in the closed position by means of a latch41, pivoted to one of the doors at about its midwidth, springing overedge strip 40 and engaging a catch 42 at about the mid-width of theother door. The springing of the latch over edge strip40 and itsengagement with the catch upon the other door forces both doors tightlyto the closed position and retains them securely closed under theordinary conditions of use. An explosion, however, might blow the doorsopen in addition to lifting the top without injury to oven or doors.This is an additional safeguard and in connection with the lifting ofthe top wholly does away with any danger of injury to the oven by meansof an explosion.

It should be noted that the several sections of the oven are not securedto each other in any manner, but are held in position without attachmentby means of the flanged cornerplates, the corner angle-plates, thevertical strips, and the tie-rods. This leaves every section of the ovenfree to expand and contract independently of other sections, so that nomatter how uneven the heat within the oven may be no injury can bedone-to the oven by uneven expansion and it will be impossible to throwthe oven out of square, as the parts will be retained in place by thecorner-plates and the tie-rods. In use the corner angle-plates, thevertical strips, and the tie-rods are practically cold-that is to say,no matter how high the temperature within the oven may be these parts donot become heated to anyappreciable degree.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. An oven-sectionconsisting of side plates, channel-plates at the edges thereof,insulating material inclosed by the side plates and channelplates, saidside plates and insulating material extending into the chan Joel-plates,and cement between the edges of the insulating material and the channelplates.

2. An oven-section consisting of a Wall of cellular insulating material,loose side plates on opposite sides thereof, channel-plates at the edgesthereof and cement between the edges of the wall and the channel-plateswhereby the air-cells are closed.

3. An oven consisting of insulating-sections, corner angle-plates,corner-plates having flanges engaged by the corner angleplates andtie-rods connecting the corner angle-plates at ,the top.

4. An oven consisting of insulating-sections, corner angle-plates,corner-plates having flanges engaged by the corner angleplates, verticalstrips 33, tie-rods connecting the corner angle-plates at the top andtierods connecting strips 33.

5. An oven consisting of independent sides, back, bottom and top eachmade of insulating material, corner angle-plates engaging the sides andback without attachment thereto, cornerplates secured to the bottom andhaving flanges engaging the corner angle-plates, and tie-rods connectingthe corner angle-plates above the top, so that the top may be lifted topermit escape of gases Without displacement and will settle back toplace.

6. An oven consisting of independent sides, back, bottom and top eachmade of in sulating material, corner angle-plates engag- ICC and havingflanges engaging the corner angleing the sides and back, corner-platessecured to the bottom and having flanges engaging the cornerangle-plates, insulating material between the sides, back, bottom andtop at their points of engagement, and tie-rods connecting the cornerangle-plates above the top.

7. An oven consisting of. independent sides, bottom, back and top eachmade of in sulating material, corner angle-plates engaging the sides andback without attachment thereto, corner-plates secured to the bottomplates, vertical strips 33, tie-rods connecting the angle-plates abovethe top and tie-rods connecting strips 33 above the top, substantiallyas described, for the purpose specified.

8. An oven consisting of independent sides, back, bottom and top eachmade of insulating material, stay-plates on the sides against which theback rests without attach- RONALD CRAWFORD.

Witnesses:

A. M. WOOSTER, S. W. ATHERTON.

a stop-plate for limiting

